Advance Estimate of Guar ( guar gum ) Seed Production in India in year 2014-2015

Most of advance estimate has been released in guar growing states of Rajasthan, Haryan and Gujarat for the year 2014-2015. 2-3% guar seed production comes from rest of states. The final tally of estimated  guar seed production is as follows.

S.N.                                   State                                               Production ( MT)
1.                                   Rajasthan                                               1339806
2                                    Haryana                                                   340000
3                                    Gujarat                                                     179100
4                                    Others                                                      100000
========================================================
 Total Estimated Guar ( Guar gum ) Seed  Production               1'958'906 MT
========================================================

The share of other state of has assumed around 5 % as productivity and production are is very low in Rajasthan.  We are estimating that in this year  there will be around 19'589'060 Bags around 20 Million Bags or ( 2 Crore Bags of 100 kg each). As per my estimate I am expecting a upward correction in guar seed production data of Rajasthan. 

The estimated yield is very lower than last year but overall condition  is not problematic or pathetic. It is satisfactory production. It  can easily complete the demand of  guar gum of world by adding teh cary forward stock of last year.  .

Advance estimate of Guar gum ( guar seed) production-year 2014-2015 in Haryana shows down fall trends in comparison to last year

Advance estimate of Guar gum ( guar seed) for year 2014-2015 Production in Haryana is showing down trends. As per State govt estimate of  cultivation area for guar crop is around 3,40,000 Hectare  which is  29% lesser than last year. Last year guar crop cultivation area was 4,81,000 Hectare.

GUAR CULTIVATION AREA, PRODUCTION,  AND YIELD OF LAST FOUR YEAR- HARYANA

S.N.              Year                  Area (Hectare)             Production (MT)              Yield (Kg/Hectare)

1                  2011-12                215'000                          290'000                                  1350

2                  2012-13                388'000                          278'000                                   718

3                  2013-14                481'000                          369'000                                   767

4                  2014-15                340'000                          340'000                                 1000

                (* data of 2014-15 is on this basis of estimate Sourced from State Govt.)

Estimated production for 2014-2015 is 3,40,000 MT which is 7.8 % lesser than last year. Last year production was 3,69,000 MT. As per estimate productivity has increased this year . This year productivity is 1000 Kg/Hac which is 30 % more than last year. Last year productivity was 767 Kg / Hac.

  ( Guar data are red highlighted )

Haryana contribute 20 % of total production so this variation will not be too much in total production of guar seed of India. 

Disease Management in Guar seed ( Guar Gum ) Crop

This year guar seed ( guar gum ) cultivation area has increased in India. This is mansoon time and temperature is going down toward the normal temperature. Difference between day and night temperature is very low. Sunshine hour are very low due to cloudy climate. These type of conditions are favorable for the disease attack . Role of plant protection from disease and pest attack is very important at this stage of crop in guar seed ( guar gum ) cultivation .

Guar gum cultivation  in India

Noramlly there are type of disease attack in guar one from bacteria and another from Fungus. Control major of each type of disease are same in guar seed ( guar gum ) cultivation. There are &&&  major  disease of Guar

(i) Bacterial Blight :-
There will be black spot on  leaves of Guar . in favorable condition it can damage up to 80-90% corp. It spread very fast . preventive measure is important to control this disease. Always go for crop rotation. Control
Farmer must go for regular spray of bactericide like Streptocycline @ 5 gm / 100 Liter water or Plantomycine @ 50gm /100 Litre or Agromycine @ 30 gm /100 Litre .

( ii ) Root rot or Stem rot :-
The root and stem will start rotting. Farmer should go for application of Zineb / Mencozeb-0.2% 2gm / Liter or any other available fungicide.


(iii)  Wilt Disease :-
This disease is caused by Fusarium monolifonne. The pathogen is soil- borne and, therefore, its damage is of localized nature. It causes infection to the base of plants including roots and seedlings. The roots show dis-colouration and plant wilts. Poor emergence of seedlings is the first symptom of the disease. The seedlings rot before or soon after emergence.      
Control
1. Mixed croping of guar with sorghum reduces the damage up to 55 per cent.
2. Addition of organic manures also reduces the disease incidence.
3. Seed treatment with Agrosan GN or Thiram or Capta.


(iv) Antharacnose :
This disease is caused by Colletotncum capsici. The disease is more severe in high rainfall subtropical to temperate areas than in tropical areas. The fungus is seed -borne and symptoms may start as early as in seedling stage. The most characteristic symptoms of the disease are black, sunken, crater like cankers on the pods, stem or cotyledons. The lesions remain isolated by yellow -orange margins. They give out a dull salmon conloured ooze from the centre when humidity is very high.    
Control
1. Use healthy seed
2. Avoid excess watering
3. Give wider spacing
4. Use hot water treated seed
5.Spray fungicides like Dithane M -45 or Dithane Z- 78 at the rate of 2 kg in l000 litres of water per hectare.

(V) Powdery mildew :
This disease is caused by Oidium ~pp. White powdery growth occurs on leaves, spreading to cover the stem and other plant parts. In severe cases, the entire plant dries up.
 Control
1. Dusting with sulphur powder
2. Spraing with systemic fungicides Benlate or Bavistin and Calixin gives effective control of powdery mildew.
3. Sowing healthy seed after treating with Thiram.
4. Follow a crop rotation to reduce the soil- borne innoculum of the fungus.

(vi) Leaf spot
This disease is caused by Myrothecium roridum. Dark brown round spots appear on leaf. In case of severe infection. Several spots merge together and leaflets become chlorotic [/B]and usually drop off. If plants are infected in the early stages of growth, there may not be any flowering.
Control
Spray with Dithane Z- 78,0.2% at the interval of 15 days, twice or thrice.

( vii  ) Blight
This disease is caused by Xanthomonas cyamophagus. The disease is characterized by irregular, sunken, red to brown leaf spots surrounded by a narrow yellowish halo. Several spots coalesce to from irregular patches. The spots may also develop on pods.
 Control
1. Grow resistant varieties .
2. Treat the seed with thiram at the rate of 3 gm/kg seed. Also adopt hot water treatment at 560 C for 10 minutes.
3. Eradicate affected plants and burn them.

Guar ( Guar Gum ) cultivation in India and its basic information

The Gavar / Guar / Guwar / Guvar bean or cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) is an annual legume. Guar beans have a large endosperm that contains galactomannan gum, a substance that forms a gel in water.

This is commonly known as guar gum and is used in dairy products like ice cream and as a stabilizer in cheese and cold-meat processing. Derivatives of guar gum are also used in industrial applications, such as the paper and textile industry, ore flotation, the manufacture of explosives and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) of oil and gas formations.

India is the largest producer of Guar Gum, meeting over 80% of the world’s demand. It's a supply chain riddled with a high degree of complexity and opaqueness and a market fraught with uncertainty which has left the Guar Gum industry in India fragmented, unorganized, and underdeveloped.  

Yet India strives to meet much of the world’s demand for Guar Gum. The industry complexities notwithstanding, the country’s ability to meet this ever-surging demand is closely linked to the rural farmers’ random and indivdual decision to choose Guar over other competing crops such as cotton for cultivation.

Guar production is concentrated around three western states in India – Rajasthan, Haryana, and Gujarat

These states account for 97% of the total Guar seed produced in India, with Rajasthan alone accounting for 80% of that production. Rajasthan is also home to most of the over 120 Guar Gum processors in the country. Much of the Guar Gum production is exported via seaports along western India. Currently, there is a less-than-adequate infrastructure at these ports, with frequent congestion and long wait times which have resulted in shipment delays.

Expecting record guar seed production from Rajasthan in year 2014 - 2015 as area of Guar seed ( guar gum ) cultivation has increased

Initially low rainfall and drought condition in this Kharif ( Rainy Season ) crop  worked as a reagent in increase of Guar seed ( guar gum ) cultivation area. This is called GUARTEK EFFECT in economics.

What is GUARTEK EFFECT effect ?? 

---> In extreme and adverse condition, economic behavior of  human activity leads to natural economic practices.

Its implication in " Increase of guar culitvation Area in Rajasthan in Kharif ( Rainy Season ) Crop.

Every one was in tension due to El-nino effect ( expectation of poor rainfall ).  There were clear probability of complete drought year in guar growing belt of  Rajasthan, Haryan, Punjab and Gujarat. Initial rainfall was under 80- 90 % deficient condition in this region.  Farmer were waiting for good and regular rainfall to start sowing. This year Manson arrival and  activation was very late.  These condition leaded to increase in Guar  seed ( Guar Gum ) cultivation area. In these condition farmer adopted guar as a drought resistant crop, which was a natural crop of this area since centuries. It is a true example of GUARTEK EFFECT.

There are following two major reason behind this Increase.

Reason 1 :- Replacement of high water requirement crop cultivation area by Guar seed ( guar gum ) crop cultivation area in irrigated area.

In irrigated area farmer were not sure if they will able to get the regular supply of the irrigation water during this cropping period from Canal or tube-well, because if it would have drought year then there would not have proper recharge of ground water and  irrigation project dam. There were chances that high water requirement crop can die in between. Farmer was not suer about the economic return from high these crop. he wanted to keep his cost of cultivation under control. Guar was a best alternate for him, he adopted it. 

Reason 2 :- Replacement of other crop cultivation area by Guar seed ( guar gum )  crop cultivation area in rain fed area. 

In drought area, farmers don't have too much options, generally farmer go for Bajara, Mung, Moth and Guar seed ( guar gum ). In these crop, Guar seed ( guar gum ) is only cash crop. farmer were not sure about the good rainfall so was not sure about good production. The rate of Guar seed ( guar gum ) was stable during last two three year , which is double, triple, four time to other commodity price. Guar seed ( guar gum ) has industrial application so farmers were sure about demand of Guar seed ( guar gum ) crop, that it will increase if there were any adverse condition. other rest three crop have alternate like Bajara is used as food crop, it can be replaced by any other food crop. rest two crop are pulse, which can be replaced by any other pulses. Guar don't have any alternate , so farmer shifted toward  Guar. In the late activation of Manson farmer started sowing with Guar  in rain fed area to keep himself at safer side. Guar is also as good source of green Vegetable for human and fodder for cattle .   

Rajasthan contribute around 70% - 80 % of total guar production and Guar seed ( guar gum ) cultivation of India. The safe type of activity is also adopted in the guar growing belt of Punjab, Haryana and Gujarat. We expect increase in total Guar seed ( guar gum ) cultivation area throughout the India. small contribution can be from Maharashtra, Andhra, Telangana and M.P. Later rainfall is continue and good so we expect that guar crop will be good.

If the climatic condition will be in favor , than there are chances that, in this year total production of Guar seed ( guar gum ) can cross last year production. Last year it was a record production of 2,80,00,000 - 3,00,00,000 bags of Guar seed. This year it will cross last year production specially in Rajasthan.

There is no doubt in Normal guar seed  production. An expected bracket of normal crop is 18,00,000 MT - 24.00.000 MT Guar seed production..