The Gavar / Guar / Guwar / Guvar bean or cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) is an annual legume. Guar beans have a large endosperm that contains galactomannan gum, a substance that forms a gel in water.
This is commonly known as guar gum and is used in dairy products like ice cream and as a stabilizer in cheese and cold-meat processing. Derivatives of guar gum are also used in industrial applications, such as the paper and textile industry, ore flotation, the manufacture of explosives and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) of oil and gas formations.
India is the largest producer of Guar Gum, meeting over 80% of the world’s demand. It's a supply chain riddled with a high degree of complexity and opaqueness and a market fraught with uncertainty which has left the Guar Gum industry in India fragmented, unorganized, and underdeveloped.
Yet India strives to meet much of the world’s demand for Guar Gum. The industry complexities notwithstanding, the country’s ability to meet this ever-surging demand is closely linked to the rural farmers’ random and indivdual decision to choose Guar over other competing crops such as cotton for cultivation.
Guar production is concentrated around three western states in India – Rajasthan, Haryana, and Gujarat
These states account for 97% of the total Guar seed produced in India, with Rajasthan alone accounting for 80% of that production. Rajasthan is also home to most of the over 120 Guar Gum processors in the country. Much of the Guar Gum production is exported via seaports along western India. Currently, there is a less-than-adequate infrastructure at these ports, with frequent congestion and long wait times which have resulted in shipment delays.
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